Typhoid Vaccine FAQs: Get the Answers You Need
Planning a trip abroad? If your destination includes regions where typhoid fever is prevalent, getting vaccinated is a crucial step in protecting your health. Typhoid is a serious bacterial infection that spreads through contaminated food and water, making travellers particularly vulnerable. To help you make an informed decision, we’ve compiled answers to some of the most common questions about the typhoid vaccine.
What Is Typhoid Fever?
Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi. It leads to symptoms such as prolonged fever, weakness, stomach pains, and loss of appetite. In severe cases, it can result in life-threatening complications. The disease is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, which is why vaccination is strongly recommended for travellers heading to high-risk areas.
Who Should Get the Typhoid Vaccine?
The typhoid vaccine is recommended for anyone travelling to parts of the world where typhoid fever is common. This includes areas of South Asia, Africa, Central and South America, and parts of the Middle East. If you’re planning extended travel, visiting friends and relatives, or working in areas with poor sanitation, vaccination is especially important.
What Types of Typhoid Vaccines Are Available?
There are two main types of typhoid vaccines:
- Injectable (Inactivated) Vaccine: Given as a single injection, this vaccine provides protection for around three years.
- Oral (Live Attenuated) Vaccine: Taken as a series of capsules over several days, this option offers protection for approximately five years.
Your choice of vaccine may depend on factors such as age, medical history, and personal preference. A healthcare professional can help determine the best option for you.
How Effective Is the Typhoid Vaccine?
The typhoid vaccine is not 100% effective, but it significantly reduces your risk of infection. To enhance your protection, it’s essential to practise good hygiene, such as drinking bottled or purified water and avoiding raw or undercooked foods in high-risk areas.
Are There Any Side Effects of the Vaccine?
Most people tolerate the typhoid vaccine well, but mild side effects can occur. These may include:
- Pain or redness at the injection site
- Fever
- Headache
- Nausea or mild stomach discomfort (more common with the oral vaccine)
Severe reactions are rare. If you experience any unusual or prolonged symptoms after vaccination, consult a healthcare provider.
How Long Before Travel Should I Get the Vaccine?
It’s best to get vaccinated at least one to two weeks before travel to allow your body time to build immunity. If you’re taking the oral vaccine, you’ll need to complete the full course at least a week before departure.
Do I Need a Booster Dose?
Yes, booster doses are recommended to maintain protection:
- Injectable vaccine: Every three years if you remain at risk.
- Oral vaccine: Every five years if exposure continues.
If you’re a frequent traveller to high-risk areas, keeping up with booster doses is advisable.
Can Children Receive the Typhoid Vaccine?
Yes, but age restrictions apply. The injectable vaccine is suitable for children as young as two years old, while the oral vaccine is generally recommended for those aged six and above. Speak to a healthcare professional to determine the best option for your child.
Is the Vaccine Required for Entry into Certain Countries?
Unlike yellow fever, the typhoid vaccine is not usually a mandatory requirement for entry into any country. However, some destinations strongly advise vaccination due to the high risk of infection. Even if not required, getting vaccinated is a wise precaution.
Can I Still Get Typhoid After Vaccination?
Yes, while the vaccine greatly reduces your risk, no vaccine is 100% effective. That’s why it’s vital to combine vaccination with safe food and water practices. Avoid ice in drinks, eat only thoroughly cooked food, and wash hands frequently to further lower your risk.
Where Can I Get the Typhoid Vaccine?
The typhoid vaccine is available at travel clinics, GP surgeries, and some pharmacies. If you’re preparing for a trip, book your vaccination appointment well in advance to ensure you’re protected before departure.
At Edinburgh Vaccination Clinic, we provide expert travel health advice and typhoid vaccinations tailored to your needs. Schedule your appointment today to travel with confidence and peace of mind.
