Common Questions Answered About the TBE Vaccine
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious viral infection spread through tick bites, primarily found in parts of Europe and Asia. If you’re travelling to an affected region, getting vaccinated can be a crucial step in protecting yourself. However, many people have questions about the TBE vaccine—how it works, whether they need it, and what to expect. In this guide, we answer some of the most common queries to help you make an informed decision.
What is tick-borne encephalitis (TBE)?
Tick-borne encephalitis is a viral infection that affects the central nervous system. It can cause flu-like symptoms in mild cases or lead to severe complications such as meningitis or encephalitis, which may result in long-term neurological damage. The virus is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks, particularly in forested areas of Europe, Russia, and parts of East Asia.
Who should get the TBE vaccine?
If you’re planning to travel to a region where TBE is prevalent, vaccination is strongly recommended, especially if you’ll be spending time outdoors in rural or forested areas. Hikers, campers, and those working in agriculture are at higher risk of exposure. The vaccine is also advised for individuals living in endemic regions, as well as laboratory workers handling the TBE virus.
How effective is the TBE vaccine?
The TBE vaccine is highly effective at preventing infection. After completing the full course, protection rates exceed 95%. However, like all vaccines, it does not provide absolute immunity. Taking additional precautions, such as wearing protective clothing and using insect repellent, further reduces your risk of tick bites.
What is the vaccination schedule for TBE?
The standard vaccination schedule consists of three doses:
1. The first dose can be given at any time.
2. The second dose is administered 1–3 months after the first.
3. The third dose follows 5–12 months after the second, ensuring long-term protection.
For those needing quicker immunity, an accelerated schedule may be available, with the first two doses given closer together. A booster dose is recommended every three to five years for continued protection.
Are there any side effects of the TBE vaccine?
Most people tolerate the vaccine well. Common side effects include mild pain at the injection site, temporary fatigue, headache, or slight fever. Serious reactions are rare, but as with any vaccine, allergic responses can occur. If you have concerns about potential side effects, speak with a healthcare professional before getting vaccinated.
Can I still get TBE if I’ve been vaccinated?
While the vaccine offers strong protection, no vaccine is 100% effective. There is a small chance of infection, particularly if you haven’t completed the full course or if your last dose was many years ago. This is why it’s important to stay up to date with booster shots and continue practising tick bite prevention measures, such as avoiding tall grass and wearing long-sleeved clothing.
Is the TBE vaccine safe for children?
Yes, the TBE vaccine is approved for children, with paediatric formulations available for younger age groups. In areas where TBE is common, children are often at risk due to outdoor play in tick-prone environments, making vaccination an important consideration for families travelling to affected regions. The dosing schedule for children may vary slightly, so consult with a healthcare provider for specific guidance.
Do I need a TBE vaccine if I’ve had tick bites before?
Having been bitten by a tick in the past does not necessarily mean you’ve been exposed to the TBE virus. Unlike some infections, previous exposure does not guarantee immunity. If you’re travelling to a region where TBE is present, vaccination is still recommended, even if you’ve had tick bites before.
Where is TBE most commonly found?
TBE is mainly found in Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, and some parts of China and Japan. High-risk areas include Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, and parts of the Baltics. The virus is most active between spring and autumn when ticks are more prevalent, although cases can occur year-round in milder climates.
Are there alternative ways to prevent TBE?
Vaccination is the most effective method of prevention, but additional steps can help reduce your risk:
– Wearing long sleeves and trousers when walking in grassy or wooded areas.
– Using insect repellents containing DEET on skin and permethrin on clothing.
– Checking your body and clothing for ticks after outdoor activities.
– Removing ticks promptly and correctly if found attached to your skin.
These measures are particularly important for those who haven’t been vaccinated or are travelling before completing their full vaccine course.
How long does TBE vaccine protection last?
After completing the initial three-dose schedule, protection lasts for several years. However, to maintain immunity, booster doses are recommended every three to five years, depending on your level of risk and travel plans. If it’s been a while since your last dose and you’re heading to a TBE-endemic area, it’s worth checking whether you’re due for a booster.
Where can I get the TBE vaccine?
The TBE vaccine is not part of the routine NHS immunisation schedule, but it is available at private travel clinics. If you’re planning a trip to a high-risk area, it’s best to book an appointment well in advance to ensure you complete the necessary doses in time. Our clinic offers expert advice and vaccination services to keep you protected.
If you’re unsure whether the TBE vaccine is right for you, or if you’d like to schedule an appointment, get in touch with us today. Visit our clinic to learn more and take the next step towards safe and healthy travels.
